The area of Šolta is 57,886 km2. Šolta is 13th largest of Croatian islands and it belongs to midsize Dalmatian islands. Šolta’s length is 19 km and its width is 4.9 km. It spreads in the direction of west-northwest-southeast.

It was made of sedimentary rocks and various limestones from the Cretaceous Age; in some places dolomites can be found. Sediments were elevated from the sea probably at the end of the Cretaceous Age, and they were folded during the Tertiary folding: in the Tertiary Age developed middle Dalmatian islands and the Dinaric Alps. On the island there are two faults along which the movements of the rocks were made. They determined today’s appearance of the island.

There were rocky dry pastures while Šolta’s economy was based on pasture of livestock but today they turn into shrubs dominated by groundsel, feather-grass, sage and others. Weed vegetation can be seen in smaller areas. In nitrophilic areas developed nettle vegetation. On the southern part of the island where the coast is very steep and exposed to strong blows of the sea developed vegetation of vertical rocks that is fragmentary. These are fleabane, hair-grass (busina bjelusina) and knapweed of Dubrovnik.